In this work these give a closest of all activities taken in account for the development of a system of information. To achieve this end should take into account several aspects that are very essential for the system to be will perform these techniques are the findings of fact use several techniques to gather information either based on questions surveys or questionnaires and also the observation.

Not only does this technique is used, another form of see how to develop a system is the analysis either manuals of reports, guides, regulations, of dictionary of fields, etc.. The use of trees and decision tables helps to observe the conditions and actions that produce the process of creation of a new system. One aspect that is also taken into account is the flow data, Ie must examine where it came from, where they go and where data is stored.

Findings from facts:

Analysts use methods specific techniques to find facts in to gather data related to requirements. Between these include the interview, the questionnaire, review of the records (In the site where these) and observation. In general, analysts employ more than one of these techniques to be insurance of carry out a research comprehensive and accurate.

Analysts use a interview to gather information from persons or groups. It common, respondents are users of the systems existing users power of proposed system. In some cases, respondents are managers or employees who provide data to the system proposed to be affected by it. Although some analysts prefer the interview over other techniques, this is not always the best source data on the application. Since the interview requires time is necessary to use other methods to obtain the information necessary to conduct a research.

Advantages:

• Ensures uniform terms in the questions for all respondents.
• Easy to manage and evaluate.
• More objective assessment of the questions and answers part of those involved in interview.
• It takes a training limited by the interviewer.
• Obtained results interviews short.

Interviews analysts give opportunities to collect information from people who have been selected because their knowledge of the system under study. A often this method is the best source of qualitative information, other methods to collect facts are more useful for gathering quantitative data.

The interview can be classified as formal and structured. Unstructured interviews using a question-answer format that is appropriate when the analyst want to acquire general information about the system. This format encourages respondents to share their feelings, ideas and beliefs. Structured interviews standard questions used a response format open or closed. The first allows the respondent responding to questions in their own words, the other anticipated uses a set of answers.

The success of an interview depends on the skill of the interviewer and preparation for it. Analysts need to be sensitive to the difficulties that some respondents believe during the interview but also its meaning.

This technique allows analysts to gather related information from various aspects of a system group large people. The employment of standardized formats to the questions can provide more reliable data than other techniques, on the other hand, their wide distribution ensures the anonymity of the respondents, a situation that can lead to answers more honest. However, this method does not allows the analyst to observe the expressions corrections respondents. Likewise, the response may be limited as you may not have much relevance for respondents complete the questionnaire.

The high cost associated development and distribution of questionnaires demand of careful consideration analyst goal of these as well as the structure will be more useful for the study and easier to understand for respondents. It is also necessary testing with the questionnaire and, if necessary, modify them before printing and distribution.

Review record:

Various types of reports and records may provide the analyst with valuable information regarding to organizations and their operations. To the review records, the analyst examines the data seated in them about the system and users. The review may be the beginning of the study and introduction or later, this is used to compare operations current records hence may indicate that is happening.

Records include manuals policies, regulations and procedures operating standards used by most the organizations as guides. The records do not indicate the manner in which develop activities, where all the power in making decisions, or all tasks are performed.

Observation:

This method of collection of educational allows the analyst to gain information that can not be obtained by other techniques. Through the observation was obtained first-hand training about how activities are carried out, this method is more useful to see how handled the documents and have finished the processes and if follow all the steps specified.

Structured analysis:

This phase is where the analyst examines a situation independently without guidance or tools or collect technical information to describe the system. The objective of structured analysis is to organize tasks associated with the determination of requirements to obtain an accurate understanding given situation.

For structured analysis using multiple components for observation and to obtain data important for the development of the system, as can be review symbols graphics, dictionaries data description processes and procedures and rules.

Tools to document processes and decisions:

Follow procedures and decisions are important in any company. However, decisions and procedures are important to the analyst when it conducts an investigation systems within a company.

A tool is any device, object or operation used to perform a task specific. The systems analyst depends on the tools to do their job the same way as others in their daily activities. It is important knowing that tools exist, but even more knowing how to use properly. When analyzing the procedures and decisions first step is to identify conditions and actions, concepts common to all activities.

Conditions and variables of decision:

When there is a system and ask for the conditions, conditions is an example of “good” and “bad”, however, conditions change and so the analyst referred to them as variables decision.

By documenting the investigator’s decision identify both permissible as the relevant conditions that can occur in any given situation. Only be included in the study those conditions that are relevant.

Have different ways of saying the same thing can create difficulties communication for studies systems. Therefore, the analyst seeks to avoid more interpretations. You also need to organize Information collected with respect to decisions and avoid difficulties in the communication.